We chocolate lovers have known it for years (and haven't been backward in telling anyone who'd listen) that the heavenly, smooth square – or round, triangular or whatever shape, it doesn't matter once it's melting in the mouth – of dark or milk perfection; or that comforting, rich cup of hot chocolatey bliss, is good for you.
Create a free account to read this article
$0/
(min cost $0)
or signup to continue reading
And now the scientists are finally catching on too!!!
Well sort of....
According to researchers, cocoa flavanols – a key component of chocolate – improves cognitive function such as memory retention, recall and executive function and may even improve insulin resistance and blood pressure.
A study by Italian researchers from the University of L'Aquila and Mars, Incorporated, published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition looked at how a diet high in cocoa flavanols - a group of naturally occurring bioactives found in fresh cocoa beans - could affect cognitive function.
It is normal for cognitive function to slightly deteriorate with age. Memory capacity begins to worsen, along with processing speed and the ability to form long-term memories.
Finding a way to defer the onset of these issues becomes increasingly important as life expectancy gets longer and global populations age.
A group of men and women aged 61-85 years with no evidence of cognitive dysfunction were enrolled for a controlled, randomized, double-blind study.
Each was assigned to one of three flavanol groups, consuming a drink containing either high (993 mg), intermediate (520 mg) or low (48 mg) amounts of cocoa flavanols every day for eight weeks.
The nutritionally matched drinks were specially prepared. The high and intermediate-flavanol cocoa drinks were produced using Mars' patented Cocoapro® process, while the low-flavanol drink was made with a highly processed, alkalized cocoa powder.
Other than the inclusion of the test drink, normal diets and regular lifestyle were maintained throughout the study.
At the start of the study and again after eight weeks, cognitive function was assessed using a battery of tests that examined memory, retention, recall, as well as executive function.
Among those individuals who regularly consumed either the high or intermediate flavanol drinks, there were significant improvements in overall cognitive function after only eight weeks.
As cognitive function was normal for this aged population, this study shows that even cognitively healthy individuals can quickly benefit from the regular inclusion of cocoa flavanols in their diets.
Dr. Giovambattista Desideri, lead author on the paper, said: "The results of this study are encouraging. They support the idea that diet, and specifically a diet rich in cocoa flavanols, can play an important role in maintaining cognitive health as we age."
This study was the second installment in a two-part investigation by this team into the effects cocoa flavanols have on the brain.
The first study, published in the journal Hypertension in 2012, found cognitive and cardiometabolic benefits of habitual cocoa flavanol consumption in older adults who had been diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
It is not yet fully understood how cocoa flavanols bring about improvements in cognitive function, but the study's authors suggest that the improvements in insulin resistance and blood pressure could be revealing.
"Earlier studies suggest a central role for insulin resistance in brain aging," said Dr Desideri.
"These results could therefore provide some insight into a possible mechanism of action for the cognitive improvements we have observed."
In addition to evaluating cognitive function, the researchers also monitored insulin resistance, blood pressure and other metabolic markers.
There was also evidence of improvements in these cardiometabolic outcomes.
In the high and intermediate flavanol groups, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were reduced and insulin resistance was significantly improved.
In contrast, only a modest improvement in diastolic blood pressure was observed in the low-flavanol group, with no significant improvements in either systolic blood pressure or insulin resistance among the consumers of the low-flavanol drink.
This research trial was carried out with a special cocoa flavanol test product, designed to deliver a standardized amount of flavanols within a nutritionally suitable drink.
This test product is currently not commercially available.
Flavanol content of commercially available chocolate is variable and, given its macronutrient profile, it is not recommended as a health food.
Dr. Desideri and his team are already thinking about the next steps: "It is clear from our latest research and other recent studies that cocoa flavanols have profound effects on the body, and specifically the brain," said Desideri.
"Now we'd like to know how they work and how long the effects last. If these further studies confirm the findings that brain health can be improved by consuming dietary flavanols, it may have the potential to affect the daily lives of millions of people world-wide."
In the meantime we chocolate lovers will have to ignore, or conveniently forget its "macronutrient profile" and will just have to keep eating.... chocolate.
About Cocoa Flavanols
Flavanols are a distinct group of naturally occurring compounds that can be found in a variety of foods such as tea and red wine. Cocoa flavanols refers to the group of bioactives found naturally in fresh cocoa beans.
Cocoa is an especially rich source of flavanols and the type and mixture of flavanols and procyanidins found in cocoa is unique.
